The present paper attempts to explore the cultural clash that has been created in postcolonial era in the Wole Soyinka’s play The Lion and the Jewel (1963). It further investigates the cultural clash between tradition and modernity culture from Wole Soyinka perspective. As African culture is greatly affected by European colonization in the mid-1900s, some Africans have thought that the European reforms would help them, while others believe that they just destruct their culture. Europeans have ruled African people for long time without resistance because of Africans’ inability to stop them. Through examining the cultural encounter between the hegemony and the inferiority, as well as between the east and the west has been faced by local counter resistance against the European cultural hegemony and dominance in the context of the play on the practice and nature of postcolonial literary criticism. African people have varying beliefs, morals and behaviors which have shaped a way of interaction and thought patterns to form their culture and the way of life. However, with the coming of Europeans to Africa, European culture is existed as sharp weapon in the colonized country. Thus, Soyinka highlights the colonial and postcolonial suffering in Nigerian society. He further portrays post-colonial Africa, where modernity and tradition are in constant conflict. Soyinka creates his characters to challenge themselves in an atmosphere punctuated with the defenders of modernity in one camp and those who are deeply rooted in the traditions and customs on the other side. The focus of this study is to demonstrate how Soyinka uses characters, themes, and plot that examine the clash between cultures in Nigeria and western society as represented in Wole Soyinka’s play The Lion and the Jewel. Furthermore, the study concludes that Soyinka manages to reflect to the world that the dominated culture is the traditional one besides, reflecting the view of the world, beliefs, and condition of cultures.